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CVE-2025-40256 Not scored

xfrm: also call xfrm_state_delete_tunnel at destroy time for states that were never added

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: xfrm: also call xfrm_state_delete_tunnel at destroy time for states that were never added In commit b441cf3f8c4b ("xfrm: delete x->tunnel as we delete x"), I missed the case where state creation fails between full initialization (->init_state has been called) and being inserted on the lists. In this situation, ->init_state has been called, so for IPcomp tunnels, the fallback tunnel has been created and added onto the lists, but the user state never gets added, because we fail before that. The user state doesn't go through __xfrm_state_delete, so we don't call xfrm_state_delete_tunnel for those states, and we end up leaking the FB tunnel. There are several codepaths affected by this: the add/update paths, in both net/key and xfrm, and the migrate code (xfrm_migrate, xfrm_state_migrate). A "proper" rollback of the init_state work would probably be doable in the add/update code, but for migrate it gets more complicated as multiple states may be involved. At some point, the new (not-inserted) state will be destroyed, so call xfrm_state_delete_tunnel during xfrm_state_gc_destroy. Most states will have their fallback tunnel cleaned up during __xfrm_state_delete, which solves the issue that b441cf3f8c4b (and other patches before it) aimed at. All states (including FB tunnels) will be removed from the lists once xfrm_state_fini has called flush_work(&xfrm_state_gc_work).

Exploit probability 0.2%
Published December 4, 2025
Required by Not available
Last source change July 15, 2026

02 / AFFECTED SOFTWARE

Affected packages

Linux Kernel
Unknown Unknown

03 / CONNECTIONS

Connected vulnerabilities

related OPENSUSE-SU-2026:20145-1
related SUSE-SU-2026:0263-1
related SUSE-SU-2026:0278-1
related SUSE-SU-2026:0281-1
related SUSE-SU-2026:0293-1
related SUSE-SU-2026:0315-1
related SUSE-SU-2026:0316-1
related SUSE-SU-2026:0317-1
related SUSE-SU-2026:0350-1
related SUSE-SU-2026:0369-1
related SUSE-SU-2026:0411-1
related SUSE-SU-2026:0617-1
related SUSE-SU-2026:20207-1
related SUSE-SU-2026:20220-1
related SUSE-SU-2026:20228-1
related SUSE-SU-2026:20477-1
related SUSE-SU-2026:20498-1
related SUSE-SU-2026:20845-1
related SUSE-SU-2026:20876-1

04 / EVIDENCE

Source records

Open Source Vulnerabilities CVE-2025-40256

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: xfrm: also call xfrm_state_delete_tunnel at destroy time for states that were never added In commit b441cf3f8c4b ("xfrm: delete x->tunnel as we delete x"), I missed the case where state creation fails between full initialization (->init_state has been called) and being inserted on the lists. In this situation, ->init_state has been called, so for IPcomp tunnels, the fallback tunnel has been created and added onto the lists, but the user state never gets added, because we fail before that. The user state doesn't go through __xfrm_state_delete, so we don't call xfrm_state_delete_tunnel for those states, and we end up leaking the FB tunnel. There are several codepaths affected by this: the add/update paths, in both net/key and xfrm, and the migrate code (xfrm_migrate, xfrm_state_migrate). A "proper" rollback of the init_state work would probably be doable in the add/update code, but for migrate it gets more complicated as multiple states may be involved. At some point, the new (not-inserted) state will be destroyed, so call xfrm_state_delete_tunnel during xfrm_state_gc_destroy. Most states will have their fallback tunnel cleaned up during __xfrm_state_delete, which solves the issue that b441cf3f8c4b (and other patches before it) aimed at. All states (including FB tunnels) will be removed from the lists once xfrm_state_fini has called flush_work(&xfrm_state_gc_work).

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05 / REFERENCES

Further evidence