OpenTelemetry eBPF Instrumentation: CappedConcurrentHashMap leaks keys after removals in go.opentelemetry.io/obi

Open Source Vulnerabilities GHSA-962q-hwm5-52x5

### Summary The custom `CappedConcurrentHashMap` introduced for Java TLS state tracking never removes keys from its insertion-order queue when entries are deleted. In long-running instrumented JVMs, repeated connection churn can therefore grow the queue without bound and exhaust heap memory. ### Details The vulnerable implementation is in [pkg/internal/java/agent/src/main/java/io/opentelemetry/obi/java/instrumentations/util/CappedConcurrentHashMap.java#L11](https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-ebpf-instrumentation/blob/360521f411213566a3b557a1f0c093e6cd68a4de/pkg/internal/java/agent/src/main/java/io/opentelemetry/obi/java/instrumentations/util/CappedConcurrentHashMap.java#L11). New keys are appended to a `ConcurrentLinkedQueue`, and eviction only runs inside `put()` when `map.size() > capacity`. The `remove()` method removes the key from the `ConcurrentHashMap` but leaves the key in the queue. Because `evictIfNeeded()` only checks `map.size() > capacity`, the queue can grow forever in workloads that insert and remove keys while keeping the live map below the cap. This pattern is reachable from [pkg/internal/java/agent/src/main/java/io/opentelemetry/obi/java/instrumentations/data/SSLStorage.java#L66](https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-ebpf-instrumentation/blob/360521f411213566a3b557a1f0c093e6cd68a4de/pkg/internal/java/agent/src/main/java/io/opentelemetry/obi/java/instrumentations/data/SSLStorage.java#L66), where `cleanupConnectionBufMapping` removes entries from `bufConn` and `activeConnections`, and `removeBufferMapping` removes entries from `bufToBuf`. In normal TLS connection lifecycles, those removals happen frequently. ### PoC Local testing with a small Java reproducer showed queue growth continuing after removals and eventually reached `OutOfMemoryError`, which matches the code-level leak mechanism described above. Use a vulnerable Java agent build from `v0.0.0-rc.2+build.2` or any later release that still contains the change. Start any JVM process instrumented with OBI's Java TLS support, then generate a large number of short-lived TLS handshakes. One local reproducer is: ```bash git checkout v0.0.0-rc.2+build.2 make build ``` Start a simple TLS server: ```bash openssl req -x509 -newkey rsa:2048 -nodes -keyout /tmp/key.pem -out /tmp/cert.pem -subj '/CN=localhost' -days 1 openssl s_server -accept 9443 -key /tmp/key.pem -cert /tmp/cert.pem -quiet ``` Run an instrumented JVM client that repeatedly opens and closes TLS connections: ```java // save as /tmp/TLSChurn.java import javax.net.ssl.*; import java.net.Socket; public class TLSChurn { public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { SSLContext ctx = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS"); ctx.init(null, new TrustManager[]{new X509TrustManager() { public java.security.cert.X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() { return null; } public void checkClientTrusted(java.security.cert.X509Certificate[] c, String a) {} public void checkServerTrusted(java.security.cert.X509Certificate[] c, String a) {} }}, new java.security.SecureRandom()); SSLSocketFactory f = ctx.getSocketFactory(); for (;;) { try (Socket s = f.createSocket("127.0.0.1", 9443)) { s.getOutputStream().write("x".getBytes()); } catch (Exception ignored) {} } } } ``` Compile and run: ```bash javac /tmp/TLSChurn.java java TLSChurn ``` Attach the vulnerable OBI Java instrumentation to the JVM. Over time, heap usage in the OBI Java agent process grows even though live connection counts remain bounded. A heap dump will show large retention from `ConcurrentLinkedQueue` nodes owned by `CappedConcurrentHashMap`. ### Impact This issue causes an availability loss in instrumented Java workloads that use OBI's TLS instrumentation. Repeated connection setup and teardown can grow the retained queue until the Java helper experiences long GC pauses or exhausts heap memory with `OutOfMemoryError`.

Open Source Vulnerabilities GO-2026-5275

OpenTelemetry eBPF Instrumentation: CappedConcurrentHashMap leaks keys after removals in go.opentelemetry.io/obi

Open Source Vulnerabilities CVE-2026-45682

OpenTelemetry eBPF Instrumentation provides eBPF instrumentation based on the OpenTelemetry standard. Prior to version 0.9.0, the custom CappedConcurrentHashMap introduced for Java TLS state tracking never removes keys from its insertion-order queue when entries are deleted. In long-running instrumented JVMs, repeated connection churn can therefore grow the queue without bound and exhaust heap memory. This issue has been patched in version 0.9.0.