FlawAtlas
Search the atlas
SUSE-SU-2025:20286-1 Not scored

Security update for ucode-intel

This update for ucode-intel fixes the following issues: - Intel CPU Microcode was updated to the 20250211 release (bsc#1237096) - Security updates for INTEL-SA-01166 https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/security-center/advisory/intel-sa-01166.html * CVE-2024-31068: Improper Finite State Machines (FSMs) in Hardware Logic for some Intel Processors may allow privileged user to potentially enable denial of service via local access. - Security updates for INTEL-SA-01213 https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/security-center/advisory/intel-sa-01213.html * CVE-2024-36293: A potential security vulnerability in some Intel Software Guard Extensions (Intel SGX) Platforms may allow denial of service. Intel is releasing microcode updates to mitigate this potential vulnerability. - Security updates for INTEL-SA-01139 https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/security-center/advisory/intel-sa-01139.html * not clear which CVEs are fixed here, and which are in UEFI BIOS updates. - Security updates for INTEL-SA-01228 https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/security-center/advisory/intel-sa-01228.html * CVE-2024-39355: A potential security vulnerability in some 13th and 14th Generation Intel Core Processors may allow denial of service. Intel is releasing microcode and UEFI reference code updates to mitigate this potential vulnerability. - Security updates for INTEL-SA-01194 https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/security-center/advisory/intel-sa-01194.html * CVE-2024-37020: A potential security vulnerability in the Intel Data Streaming Accelerator (Intel DSA) for some Intel Xeon Processors may allow denial of service. Intel is releasing software updates to mitigate this potential vulnerability. - Update for functional issues. Refer to Intel Core Ultra Processor https://cdrdv2.intel.com/v1/dl/getContent/792254 for details. - Refer to 13th/14th Generation Intel Core Processor Specification Update https://cdrdv2.intel.com/v1/dl/getContent/740518 for details. - Refer to 12th Generation Intel Core Processor Family https://cdrdv2.intel.com/v1/dl/getContent/682436 for details. - Refer to 11th Gen Intel Core Processor Specification Update https://cdrdv2.intel.com/v1/dl/getContent/631123 for details. - Refer to 8th and 9th Generation Intel Core Processor Family Spec Update https://cdrdv2.intel.com/v1/dl/getContent/337346 for details. - Refer to 5th Gen Intel Xeon Scalable Processors Specification Update https://cdrdv2.intel.com/v1/dl/getContent/793902 for details. - Refer to 4th Gen Intel Xeon Scalable Processors Specification Update https://cdrdv2.intel.com/v1/dl/getContent/772415 for details. - Refer to 3rd Generation Intel Xeon Processor Scalable Family Specification Update https://cdrdv2.intel.com/v1/dl/getContent/637780 for details. - Refer to Intel Xeon D-2700 Processor Specification Update https://cdrdv2.intel.com/v1/dl/getContent/714071 for details. - Refer to Intel Xeon E-2300 Processor Specification Update https://cdrdv2.intel.com/v1/dl/getContent/709192 for details. - Refer to Intel Xeon 6700-Series Processor Specification Update https://cdrdv2.intel.com/v1/dl/getContent/820922 for details. - Refer to Intel Processors and Intel Core i3 N-Series https://cdrdv2.intel.com/v1/dl/getContent/764616 for details ### New Platforms | Processor | Stepping | F-M-S/PI | Old Ver | New Ver | Products |:---------------|:---------|:------------|:---------|:---------|:--------- | SRF-SP | C0 | 06-af-03/01 | | 03000330 | Xeon 6700-Series Processors ### Updated Platforms | Processor | Stepping | F-M-S/PI | Old Ver | New Ver | Products |:---------------|:---------|:------------|:---------|:---------|:--------- | ADL | C0 | 06-97-02/07 | 00000037 | 00000038 | Core Gen12 | ADL | H0 | 06-97-05/07 | 00000037 | 00000038 | Core Gen12 | ADL | L0 | 06-9a-03/80 | 00000435 | 00000436 | Core Gen12 | ADL | R0 | 06-9a-04/80 | 00000435 | 00000436 | Core Gen12 | ADL-N | N0 | 06-be-00/19 | 0000001a | 0000001c | Core i3-N305/N300, N50/N97/N100/N200, Atom x7211E/x7213E/x7425E | AZB | A0/R0 | 06-9a-04/40 | 00000007 | 00000009 | Intel(R) Atom(R) C1100 | CFL-H | R0 | 06-9e-0d/22 | 00000100 | 00000102 | Core Gen9 Mobile | CFL-H/S/E3 | U0 | 06-9e-0a/22 | 000000f8 | 000000fa | Core Gen8 Desktop, Mobile, Xeon E | EMR-SP | A0 | 06-cf-01/87 | 21000283 | 21000291 | Xeon Scalable Gen5 | EMR-SP | A1 | 06-cf-02/87 | 21000283 | 21000291 | Xeon Scalable Gen5 | ICL-D | B0 | 06-6c-01/10 | 010002b0 | 010002c0 | Xeon D-17xx, D-27xx | ICX-SP | Dx/M1 | 06-6a-06/87 | 0d0003e7 | 0d0003f5 | Xeon Scalable Gen3 | RPL-E/HX/S | B0 | 06-b7-01/32 | 0000012b | 0000012c | Core Gen13/Gen14 | RPL-H/P/PX 6+8 | J0 | 06-ba-02/e0 | 00004123 | 00004124 | Core Gen13 | RPL-HX/S | C0 | 06-bf-02/07 | 00000037 | 00000038 | Core Gen13/Gen14 | RPL-U 2+8 | Q0 | 06-ba-03/e0 | 00004123 | 00004124 | Core Gen13 | RPL-S | H0 | 06-bf-05/07 | 00000037 | 00000038 | Core Gen13/Gen14 | RKL-S | B0 | 06-a7-01/02 | 00000062 | 00000063 | Core Gen11 | SPR-HBM | Bx | 06-8f-08/10 | 2c000390 | 2c0003e0 | Xeon Max | SPR-SP | E4/S2 | 06-8f-07/87 | 2b000603 | 2b000620 | Xeon Scalable Gen4 | SPR-SP | E5/S3 | 06-8f-08/87 | 2b000603 | 2b000620 | Xeon Scalable Gen4 | TWL | N0 | 06-be-00/19 | 0000001a | 0000001c | Core i3-N305/N300, N50/N97/N100/N200, Atom x7211E/x7213E/x7425E ### New Disclosures Updated in Prior Releases | Processor | Stepping | F-M-S/PI | Old Ver | New Ver | Products |:---------------|:---------|:------------|:---------|:---------|:--------- | CFL-H/S | P0 | 06-9e-0c/22 | 000000f6 | 000000f8 | Core Gen9 - Intel CPU Microcode was updated to the 20241112 release (bsc#1233313) - CVE-2024-21853: Faulty finite state machines (FSMs) in the hardware logic in some 4th and 5th Generation Intel Xeon Processors may allow an authorized user to potentially enable denial of service via local access. Security updates for [INTEL-SA-01101](https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/security-center/advisory/intel-sa-01101.html) - CVE-2024-23918: Improper conditions check in some Intel Xeon processor memory controller configurations when using Intel SGX may allow a privileged user to potentially enable escalation of privilege via local access. Security updates for [INTEL-SA-01079](https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/security-center/advisory/intel-sa-01079.html) - CVE-2024-21820: Incorrect default permissions in some Intel Xeon processor memory controller configurations when using Intel SGX may allow a privileged user to potentially enable escalation of privilege via local access. Security updates for [INTEL-SA-01079](https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/security-center/advisory/intel-sa-01079.html) - CVE-2024-24968: Improper finite state machines (FSMs) in hardware logic in some Intel Processors may allow an privileged user to potentially enable a denial of service via local access. Updated security updates for [INTEL-SA-01097](https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/security-center/advisory/intel-sa-01097.html) - CVE-2024-23984: Observable discrepancy in RAPL interface for some Intel Processors may allow a privileged user to potentially enable information disclosure via local access Updated security updates for [INTEL-SA-01103](https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/security-center/advisory/intel-sa-01103.html) - Update for functional issues. - Refer to [Intel Core Ultra Processor](https://cdrdv2.intel.com/v1/dl/getContent/792254) for details. - Refer to [14th/13th Generation Intel Core Processor Specification Update](https://cdrdv2.intel.com/v1/dl/getContent/740518) for details. - Refer to [12th Generation Intel Core Processor Family](https://cdrdv2.intel.com/v1/dl/getContent/682436) for details. - Refer to [5th Gen Intel Xeon Scalable Processors Specification Update](https://cdrdv2.intel.com/v1/dl/getContent/793902) for details. - Refer to [4th Gen Intel Xeon Scalable Processors Specification Update](https://cdrdv2.intel.com/v1/dl/getContent/772415) for details. - Refer to [3rd Generation Intel Xeon Processor Scalable Family Specification Update](https://cdrdv2.intel.com/v1/dl/getContent/637780) for details. - Refer to [Intel Xeon D-2700 Processor Specification Update](https://cdrdv2.intel.com/v1/dl/getContent/714071) for details. - Refer to [Intel Xeon D-1700 and D-1800 Processor Family Specification Update](https://cdrdv2.intel.com/v1/dl/getContent/714069) for details New Platforms: | Processor | Stepping | F-M-S/PI | Old Ver | New Ver | Products |:---------------|:---------|:------------|:---------|:---------|:--------- Updated Platforms: | Processor | Stepping | F-M-S/PI | Old Ver | New Ver | Products |:---------------|:---------|:------------|:---------|:---------|:--------- | ADL | C0 | 06-97-02/07 | 00000036 | 00000037 | Core Gen12 | ADL | H0 | 06-97-05/07 | 00000036 | 00000037 | Core Gen12 | ADL | L0 | 06-9a-03/80 | 00000434 | 00000435 | Core Gen12 | ADL | R0 | 06-9a-04/80 | 00000434 | 00000435 | Core Gen12 | EMR-SP | A0 | 06-cf-01/87 | 21000230 | 21000283 | Xeon Scalable Gen5 | EMR-SP | A1 | 06-cf-02/87 | 21000230 | 21000283 | Xeon Scalable Gen5 | MTL | C0 | 06-aa-04/e6 | 0000001f | 00000020 | Core™ Ultra Processor | RPL-H/P/PX 6+8 | J0 | 06-ba-02/e0 | 00004122 | 00004123 | Core Gen13 | RPL-HX/S | C0 | 06-bf-02/07 | 00000036 | 00000037 | Core Gen13/Gen14 | RPL-S | H0 | 06-bf-05/07 | 00000036 | 00000037 | Core Gen13/Gen14 | RPL-U 2+8 | Q0 | 06-ba-03/e0 | 00004122 | 00004123 | Core Gen13 | SPR-SP | E3 | 06-8f-06/87 | 2b0005c0 | 2b000603 | Xeon Scalable Gen4 | SPR-SP | E4/S2 | 06-8f-07/87 | 2b0005c0 | 2b000603 | Xeon Scalable Gen4 | SPR-SP | E5/S3 | 06-8f-08/87 | 2b0005c0 | 2b000603 | Xeon Scalable Gen4 New Disclosures Updated in Prior Releases: | Processor | Stepping | F-M-S/PI | Old Ver | New Ver | Products |:---------------|:---------|:------------|:---------|:---------|:--------- | ICL-D | B0 | 06-6c-01/10 | 010002b0 | N/A | Xeon D-17xx/D-18xx, D-27xx/D-28xx | ICX-SP | Dx/M1 | 06-6a-06/87 | 0d0003e7 | N/A | Xeon Scalable Gen3 - Intel CPU Microcode was updated to the 20241029 release Update for functional issues. Refer to [14th/13th Generation Intel Core Processor Specification Update](https://cdrdv2.intel.com/v1/dl/getContent/740518) for details. Updated Platforms: | Processor | Stepping | F-M-S/PI | Old Ver | New Ver | Products |:---------------|:---------|:------------|:---------|:---------|:--------- | RPL-E/HX/S | B0 | 06-b7-01/32 | 00000129 | 0000012b | Core Gen13/Gen14

Exploit probability Not scored
Published March 28, 2025
Required by Not available
Last source change March 23, 2026

02 / AFFECTED SOFTWARE

Affected packages

SUSE:Linux Micro 6.1 ucode-intel

03 / CONNECTIONS

Connected vulnerabilities

04 / EVIDENCE

Source records

Open Source Vulnerabilities SUSE-SU-2025:20286-1

This update for ucode-intel fixes the following issues: - Intel CPU Microcode was updated to the 20250211 release (bsc#1237096) - Security updates for INTEL-SA-01166 https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/security-center/advisory/intel-sa-01166.html * CVE-2024-31068: Improper Finite State Machines (FSMs) in Hardware Logic for some Intel Processors may allow privileged user to potentially enable denial of service via local access. - Security updates for INTEL-SA-01213 https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/security-center/advisory/intel-sa-01213.html * CVE-2024-36293: A potential security vulnerability in some Intel Software Guard Extensions (Intel SGX) Platforms may allow denial of service. Intel is releasing microcode updates to mitigate this potential vulnerability. - Security updates for INTEL-SA-01139 https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/security-center/advisory/intel-sa-01139.html * not clear which CVEs are fixed here, and which are in UEFI BIOS updates. - Security updates for INTEL-SA-01228 https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/security-center/advisory/intel-sa-01228.html * CVE-2024-39355: A potential security vulnerability in some 13th and 14th Generation Intel Core Processors may allow denial of service. Intel is releasing microcode and UEFI reference code updates to mitigate this potential vulnerability. - Security updates for INTEL-SA-01194 https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/security-center/advisory/intel-sa-01194.html * CVE-2024-37020: A potential security vulnerability in the Intel Data Streaming Accelerator (Intel DSA) for some Intel Xeon Processors may allow denial of service. Intel is releasing software updates to mitigate this potential vulnerability. - Update for functional issues. Refer to Intel Core Ultra Processor https://cdrdv2.intel.com/v1/dl/getContent/792254 for details. - Refer to 13th/14th Generation Intel Core Processor Specification Update https://cdrdv2.intel.com/v1/dl/getContent/740518 for details. - Refer to 12th Generation Intel Core Processor Family https://cdrdv2.intel.com/v1/dl/getContent/682436 for details. - Refer to 11th Gen Intel Core Processor Specification Update https://cdrdv2.intel.com/v1/dl/getContent/631123 for details. - Refer to 8th and 9th Generation Intel Core Processor Family Spec Update https://cdrdv2.intel.com/v1/dl/getContent/337346 for details. - Refer to 5th Gen Intel Xeon Scalable Processors Specification Update https://cdrdv2.intel.com/v1/dl/getContent/793902 for details. - Refer to 4th Gen Intel Xeon Scalable Processors Specification Update https://cdrdv2.intel.com/v1/dl/getContent/772415 for details. - Refer to 3rd Generation Intel Xeon Processor Scalable Family Specification Update https://cdrdv2.intel.com/v1/dl/getContent/637780 for details. - Refer to Intel Xeon D-2700 Processor Specification Update https://cdrdv2.intel.com/v1/dl/getContent/714071 for details. - Refer to Intel Xeon E-2300 Processor Specification Update https://cdrdv2.intel.com/v1/dl/getContent/709192 for details. - Refer to Intel Xeon 6700-Series Processor Specification Update https://cdrdv2.intel.com/v1/dl/getContent/820922 for details. - Refer to Intel Processors and Intel Core i3 N-Series https://cdrdv2.intel.com/v1/dl/getContent/764616 for details ### New Platforms | Processor | Stepping | F-M-S/PI | Old Ver | New Ver | Products |:---------------|:---------|:------------|:---------|:---------|:--------- | SRF-SP | C0 | 06-af-03/01 | | 03000330 | Xeon 6700-Series Processors ### Updated Platforms | Processor | Stepping | F-M-S/PI | Old Ver | New Ver | Products |:---------------|:---------|:------------|:---------|:---------|:--------- | ADL | C0 | 06-97-02/07 | 00000037 | 00000038 | Core Gen12 | ADL | H0 | 06-97-05/07 | 00000037 | 00000038 | Core Gen12 | ADL | L0 | 06-9a-03/80 | 00000435 | 00000436 | Core Gen12 | ADL | R0 | 06-9a-04/80 | 00000435 | 00000436 | Core Gen12 | ADL-N | N0 | 06-be-00/19 | 0000001a | 0000001c | Core i3-N305/N300, N50/N97/N100/N200, Atom x7211E/x7213E/x7425E | AZB | A0/R0 | 06-9a-04/40 | 00000007 | 00000009 | Intel(R) Atom(R) C1100 | CFL-H | R0 | 06-9e-0d/22 | 00000100 | 00000102 | Core Gen9 Mobile | CFL-H/S/E3 | U0 | 06-9e-0a/22 | 000000f8 | 000000fa | Core Gen8 Desktop, Mobile, Xeon E | EMR-SP | A0 | 06-cf-01/87 | 21000283 | 21000291 | Xeon Scalable Gen5 | EMR-SP | A1 | 06-cf-02/87 | 21000283 | 21000291 | Xeon Scalable Gen5 | ICL-D | B0 | 06-6c-01/10 | 010002b0 | 010002c0 | Xeon D-17xx, D-27xx | ICX-SP | Dx/M1 | 06-6a-06/87 | 0d0003e7 | 0d0003f5 | Xeon Scalable Gen3 | RPL-E/HX/S | B0 | 06-b7-01/32 | 0000012b | 0000012c | Core Gen13/Gen14 | RPL-H/P/PX 6+8 | J0 | 06-ba-02/e0 | 00004123 | 00004124 | Core Gen13 | RPL-HX/S | C0 | 06-bf-02/07 | 00000037 | 00000038 | Core Gen13/Gen14 | RPL-U 2+8 | Q0 | 06-ba-03/e0 | 00004123 | 00004124 | Core Gen13 | RPL-S | H0 | 06-bf-05/07 | 00000037 | 00000038 | Core Gen13/Gen14 | RKL-S | B0 | 06-a7-01/02 | 00000062 | 00000063 | Core Gen11 | SPR-HBM | Bx | 06-8f-08/10 | 2c000390 | 2c0003e0 | Xeon Max | SPR-SP | E4/S2 | 06-8f-07/87 | 2b000603 | 2b000620 | Xeon Scalable Gen4 | SPR-SP | E5/S3 | 06-8f-08/87 | 2b000603 | 2b000620 | Xeon Scalable Gen4 | TWL | N0 | 06-be-00/19 | 0000001a | 0000001c | Core i3-N305/N300, N50/N97/N100/N200, Atom x7211E/x7213E/x7425E ### New Disclosures Updated in Prior Releases | Processor | Stepping | F-M-S/PI | Old Ver | New Ver | Products |:---------------|:---------|:------------|:---------|:---------|:--------- | CFL-H/S | P0 | 06-9e-0c/22 | 000000f6 | 000000f8 | Core Gen9 - Intel CPU Microcode was updated to the 20241112 release (bsc#1233313) - CVE-2024-21853: Faulty finite state machines (FSMs) in the hardware logic in some 4th and 5th Generation Intel Xeon Processors may allow an authorized user to potentially enable denial of service via local access. Security updates for [INTEL-SA-01101](https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/security-center/advisory/intel-sa-01101.html) - CVE-2024-23918: Improper conditions check in some Intel Xeon processor memory controller configurations when using Intel SGX may allow a privileged user to potentially enable escalation of privilege via local access. Security updates for [INTEL-SA-01079](https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/security-center/advisory/intel-sa-01079.html) - CVE-2024-21820: Incorrect default permissions in some Intel Xeon processor memory controller configurations when using Intel SGX may allow a privileged user to potentially enable escalation of privilege via local access. Security updates for [INTEL-SA-01079](https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/security-center/advisory/intel-sa-01079.html) - CVE-2024-24968: Improper finite state machines (FSMs) in hardware logic in some Intel Processors may allow an privileged user to potentially enable a denial of service via local access. Updated security updates for [INTEL-SA-01097](https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/security-center/advisory/intel-sa-01097.html) - CVE-2024-23984: Observable discrepancy in RAPL interface for some Intel Processors may allow a privileged user to potentially enable information disclosure via local access Updated security updates for [INTEL-SA-01103](https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/security-center/advisory/intel-sa-01103.html) - Update for functional issues. - Refer to [Intel Core Ultra Processor](https://cdrdv2.intel.com/v1/dl/getContent/792254) for details. - Refer to [14th/13th Generation Intel Core Processor Specification Update](https://cdrdv2.intel.com/v1/dl/getContent/740518) for details. - Refer to [12th Generation Intel Core Processor Family](https://cdrdv2.intel.com/v1/dl/getContent/682436) for details. - Refer to [5th Gen Intel Xeon Scalable Processors Specification Update](https://cdrdv2.intel.com/v1/dl/getContent/793902) for details. - Refer to [4th Gen Intel Xeon Scalable Processors Specification Update](https://cdrdv2.intel.com/v1/dl/getContent/772415) for details. - Refer to [3rd Generation Intel Xeon Processor Scalable Family Specification Update](https://cdrdv2.intel.com/v1/dl/getContent/637780) for details. - Refer to [Intel Xeon D-2700 Processor Specification Update](https://cdrdv2.intel.com/v1/dl/getContent/714071) for details. - Refer to [Intel Xeon D-1700 and D-1800 Processor Family Specification Update](https://cdrdv2.intel.com/v1/dl/getContent/714069) for details New Platforms: | Processor | Stepping | F-M-S/PI | Old Ver | New Ver | Products |:---------------|:---------|:------------|:---------|:---------|:--------- Updated Platforms: | Processor | Stepping | F-M-S/PI | Old Ver | New Ver | Products |:---------------|:---------|:------------|:---------|:---------|:--------- | ADL | C0 | 06-97-02/07 | 00000036 | 00000037 | Core Gen12 | ADL | H0 | 06-97-05/07 | 00000036 | 00000037 | Core Gen12 | ADL | L0 | 06-9a-03/80 | 00000434 | 00000435 | Core Gen12 | ADL | R0 | 06-9a-04/80 | 00000434 | 00000435 | Core Gen12 | EMR-SP | A0 | 06-cf-01/87 | 21000230 | 21000283 | Xeon Scalable Gen5 | EMR-SP | A1 | 06-cf-02/87 | 21000230 | 21000283 | Xeon Scalable Gen5 | MTL | C0 | 06-aa-04/e6 | 0000001f | 00000020 | Core™ Ultra Processor | RPL-H/P/PX 6+8 | J0 | 06-ba-02/e0 | 00004122 | 00004123 | Core Gen13 | RPL-HX/S | C0 | 06-bf-02/07 | 00000036 | 00000037 | Core Gen13/Gen14 | RPL-S | H0 | 06-bf-05/07 | 00000036 | 00000037 | Core Gen13/Gen14 | RPL-U 2+8 | Q0 | 06-ba-03/e0 | 00004122 | 00004123 | Core Gen13 | SPR-SP | E3 | 06-8f-06/87 | 2b0005c0 | 2b000603 | Xeon Scalable Gen4 | SPR-SP | E4/S2 | 06-8f-07/87 | 2b0005c0 | 2b000603 | Xeon Scalable Gen4 | SPR-SP | E5/S3 | 06-8f-08/87 | 2b0005c0 | 2b000603 | Xeon Scalable Gen4 New Disclosures Updated in Prior Releases: | Processor | Stepping | F-M-S/PI | Old Ver | New Ver | Products |:---------------|:---------|:------------|:---------|:---------|:--------- | ICL-D | B0 | 06-6c-01/10 | 010002b0 | N/A | Xeon D-17xx/D-18xx, D-27xx/D-28xx | ICX-SP | Dx/M1 | 06-6a-06/87 | 0d0003e7 | N/A | Xeon Scalable Gen3 - Intel CPU Microcode was updated to the 20241029 release Update for functional issues. Refer to [14th/13th Generation Intel Core Processor Specification Update](https://cdrdv2.intel.com/v1/dl/getContent/740518) for details. Updated Platforms: | Processor | Stepping | F-M-S/PI | Old Ver | New Ver | Products |:---------------|:---------|:------------|:---------|:---------|:--------- | RPL-E/HX/S | B0 | 06-b7-01/32 | 00000129 | 0000012b | Core Gen13/Gen14

View original source

05 / REFERENCES

Further evidence