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UBUNTU-CVE-2025-38496 Moderate

UBUNTU-CVE-2025-38496

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: dm-bufio: fix sched in atomic context If "try_verify_in_tasklet" is set for dm-verity, DM_BUFIO_CLIENT_NO_SLEEP is enabled for dm-bufio. However, when bufio tries to evict buffers, there is a chance to trigger scheduling in spin_lock_bh, the following warning is hit: BUG: sleeping function called from invalid context at drivers/md/dm-bufio.c:2745 in_atomic(): 1, irqs_disabled(): 0, non_block: 0, pid: 123, name: kworker/2:2 preempt_count: 201, expected: 0 RCU nest depth: 0, expected: 0 4 locks held by kworker/2:2/123: #0: ffff88800a2d1548 ((wq_completion)dm_bufio_cache){....}-{0:0}, at: process_one_work+0xe46/0x1970 #1: ffffc90000d97d20 ((work_completion)(&dm_bufio_replacement_work)){....}-{0:0}, at: process_one_work+0x763/0x1970 #2: ffffffff8555b528 (dm_bufio_clients_lock){....}-{3:3}, at: do_global_cleanup+0x1ce/0x710 #3: ffff88801d5820b8 (&c->spinlock){....}-{2:2}, at: do_global_cleanup+0x2a5/0x710 Preemption disabled at: [<0000000000000000>] 0x0 CPU: 2 UID: 0 PID: 123 Comm: kworker/2:2 Not tainted 6.16.0-rc3-g90548c634bd0 #305 PREEMPT(voluntary) Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS rel-1.16.3-0-ga6ed6b701f0a-prebuilt.qemu.org 04/01/2014 Workqueue: dm_bufio_cache do_global_cleanup Call Trace: <TASK> dump_stack_lvl+0x53/0x70 __might_resched+0x360/0x4e0 do_global_cleanup+0x2f5/0x710 process_one_work+0x7db/0x1970 worker_thread+0x518/0xea0 kthread+0x359/0x690 ret_from_fork+0xf3/0x1b0 ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30 </TASK> That can be reproduced by: veritysetup format --data-block-size=4096 --hash-block-size=4096 /dev/vda /dev/vdb SIZE=$(blockdev --getsz /dev/vda) dmsetup create myverity -r --table "0 $SIZE verity 1 /dev/vda /dev/vdb 4096 4096 <data_blocks> 1 sha256 <root_hash> <salt> 1 try_verify_in_tasklet" mount /dev/dm-0 /mnt -o ro echo 102400 > /sys/module/dm_bufio/parameters/max_cache_size_bytes [read files in /mnt]

Exploit probability Not scored
Published July 28, 2025
Required by Not available
Last source change August 17, 2026

02 / AFFECTED SOFTWARE

Affected packages

Ubuntu:22.04:LTS linux-starfive-6.5

11 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:18.04:LTS linux-oem

50 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:18.04:LTS linux-aws-5.0

6 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:20.04:LTS linux-aws-5.11

12 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:22.04:LTS linux-oem-6.5

19 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:20.04:LTS linux-raspi2

6 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:24.04:LTS linux-riscv

24 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:22.04:LTS linux-riscv-6.5

10 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:22.04:LTS linux-ibm-6.8

28 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:24.04:LTS linux-oem-6.8

26 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:22.04:LTS linux-azure-5.19

7 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:22.04:LTS linux-oracle-6.8

32 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:22.04:LTS linux-gcp-6.5

13 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:24.04:LTS linux-nvidia

35 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:20.04:LTS linux-oem-5.14

35 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:20.04:LTS linux-gke-5.15

18 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:24.04:LTS linux-oracle

37 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:20.04:LTS linux-aws-5.13

13 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:20.04:LTS linux-aws-5.8

4 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:16.04:LTS linux-hwe-edge

23 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:24.04:LTS linux

43 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:24.04:LTS linux-raspi-realtime

1 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:20.04:LTS linux-hwe-5.8

21 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:22.04:LTS linux-azure-fde-6.8

9 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:20.04:LTS linux-hwe-5.13

16 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:22.04:LTS linux-lowlatency-hwe-6.2

10 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:24.04:LTS linux-aws

39 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:24.04:LTS linux-hwe-6.11

8 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:18.04:LTS linux-oracle-5.0

7 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:20.04:LTS linux-riscv

12 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:24.04:LTS linux-oracle-6.14

9 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:24.04:LTS linux-azure-6.11

7 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:20.04:LTS linux-gcp-5.11

12 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:22.04:LTS linux-azure-6.5

14 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:25.10 linux-azure-fde

10 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:22.04:LTS linux-intel-iot-realtime

1 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:20.04:LTS linux-intel-5.13

7 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:24.04:LTS linux-nvidia-tegra

9 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:20.04:LTS linux-oem-5.13

12 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:20.04:LTS linux-oracle-5.11

12 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:Pro:Realtime:22.04:LTS linux-realtime-6.8

32 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:24.04:LTS linux-oem-6.14

11 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:22.04:LTS linux-azure-6.8

23 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:24.04:LTS linux-gkeop

25 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:18.04:LTS linux-hwe-edge

10 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:18.04:LTS linux-gke-5.4

37 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:24.04:LTS linux-azure-nvidia

10 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:22.04:LTS linux-oracle-6.5

13 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:22.04:LTS linux-lowlatency-hwe-6.8

31 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:24.04:LTS linux-azure-nvidia-6.14

3 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:22.04:LTS linux-azure-fde-6.2

10 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:24.04:LTS linux-gcp-6.14

9 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:20.04:LTS linux-oem-5.10

26 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:Pro:FIPS-updates:24.04:LTS linux-azure-fips

3 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:20.04:LTS linux-gcp-5.13

13 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:20.04:LTS linux-oem-5.6

29 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:18.04:LTS linux-gcp-5.3

13 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:24.04:LTS linux-riscv-6.14

10 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:24.04:LTS linux-nvidia-lowlatency

32 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:22.04:LTS linux-gcp-6.8

32 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:18.04:LTS linux-gke-4.15

33 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:22.04:LTS linux-riscv

23 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:18.04:LTS linux-aws-5.3

10 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:Pro:FIPS-updates:24.04:LTS linux-fips

11 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:Pro:FIPS-updates:24.04:LTS linux-gcp-fips

10 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:Nvidia-BlueField:24.04:LTS linux-bluefield

11 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:24.04:LTS linux-azure-fde-6.14

5 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:20.04:LTS linux-hwe-5.11

12 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:20.04:LTS linux-azure-5.8

7 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:22.04:LTS linux-gcp-6.2

12 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:24.04:LTS linux-azure-6.14

4 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:22.04:LTS linux-lowlatency-hwe-5.19

10 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:22.04:LTS linux-oem-5.17

26 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:24.04:LTS linux-azure

31 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:22.04:LTS linux-hwe-6.8

26 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:24.04:LTS linux-raspi

38 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:24.04:LTS linux-aws-6.14

9 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:22.04:LTS linux-azure-6.2

13 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:24.04:LTS linux-ibm

37 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:22.04:LTS linux-oem-6.0

16 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:24.04:LTS linux-gcp

41 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:22.04:LTS linux-azure-fde-5.19

3 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:24.04:LTS linux-gcp-6.11

7 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:20.04:LTS linux-gke

51 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:24.04:LTS linux-oem-6.11

18 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:Pro:Realtime:24.04:LTS linux-raspi-realtime

33 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:20.04:LTS linux-azure-5.13

12 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:22.04:LTS linux-oem-6.1

27 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:22.04:LTS linux-nvidia-6.8

34 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:22.04:LTS linux-gcp-5.19

8 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:20.04:LTS linux-oracle-5.8

5 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:24.04:LTS linux-intel

3 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:22.04:LTS linux-riscv-5.19

8 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:22.04:LTS linux-hwe-6.2

10 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:24.04:LTS linux-lowlatency-hwe-6.11

7 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:Pro:Realtime:24.04:LTS linux-realtime

37 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:22.04:LTS linux-lowlatency-hwe-6.5

13 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:20.04:LTS linux-azure-5.11

13 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:22.04:LTS linux-starfive-5.19

7 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:24.04:LTS linux-nvidia-6.11

8 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:20.04:LTS linux-riscv-5.8

10 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:20.04:LTS linux-oracle-5.13

12 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:Pro:Realtime:24.04:LTS linux-realtime-6.14

7 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:18.04:LTS linux-azure

44 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:18.04:LTS linux-azure-5.3

16 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:22.04:LTS linux-starfive-6.2

3 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:20.04:LTS linux-riscv-5.11

13 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:20.04:LTS linux-azure-fde

26 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:20.04:LTS linux-gkeop-5.15

45 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:18.04:LTS linux-gkeop-5.4

37 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:24.04:LTS linux-lowlatency

42 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:22.04:LTS linux-aws-6.5

14 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:18.04:LTS linux-gcp

38 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:18.04:LTS linux-oracle-5.3

9 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:22.04:LTS linux-hwe-5.19

11 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:22.04:LTS linux-riscv-6.8

30 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:24.04:LTS linux-xilinx

13 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:24.04:LTS linux-azure-fde

8 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:22.04:LTS linux-nvidia-6.2

7 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:20.04:LTS linux-gcp-5.8

4 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:24.04:LTS linux-realtime

1 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:22.04:LTS linux-hwe-6.5

13 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:18.04:LTS linux-hwe

43 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:22.04:LTS linux-aws-5.19

10 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:22.04:LTS linux-allwinner-5.19

8 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:24.04:LTS linux-gke

36 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:22.04:LTS linux-aws-6.2

14 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:18.04:LTS linux-azure-edge

4 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:20.04:LTS linux-gkeop

78 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:22.04:LTS linux-nvidia-6.5

11 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:22.04:LTS linux-realtime

1 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:Pro:FIPS-updates:24.04:LTS linux-aws-fips

10 explicit affected versions

Ubuntu:22.04:LTS linux-aws-6.8

30 explicit affected versions

03 / CONNECTIONS

Connected vulnerabilities

04 / EVIDENCE

Source records

Open Source Vulnerabilities UBUNTU-CVE-2025-38496

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: dm-bufio: fix sched in atomic context If "try_verify_in_tasklet" is set for dm-verity, DM_BUFIO_CLIENT_NO_SLEEP is enabled for dm-bufio. However, when bufio tries to evict buffers, there is a chance to trigger scheduling in spin_lock_bh, the following warning is hit: BUG: sleeping function called from invalid context at drivers/md/dm-bufio.c:2745 in_atomic(): 1, irqs_disabled(): 0, non_block: 0, pid: 123, name: kworker/2:2 preempt_count: 201, expected: 0 RCU nest depth: 0, expected: 0 4 locks held by kworker/2:2/123: #0: ffff88800a2d1548 ((wq_completion)dm_bufio_cache){....}-{0:0}, at: process_one_work+0xe46/0x1970 #1: ffffc90000d97d20 ((work_completion)(&dm_bufio_replacement_work)){....}-{0:0}, at: process_one_work+0x763/0x1970 #2: ffffffff8555b528 (dm_bufio_clients_lock){....}-{3:3}, at: do_global_cleanup+0x1ce/0x710 #3: ffff88801d5820b8 (&c->spinlock){....}-{2:2}, at: do_global_cleanup+0x2a5/0x710 Preemption disabled at: [<0000000000000000>] 0x0 CPU: 2 UID: 0 PID: 123 Comm: kworker/2:2 Not tainted 6.16.0-rc3-g90548c634bd0 #305 PREEMPT(voluntary) Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS rel-1.16.3-0-ga6ed6b701f0a-prebuilt.qemu.org 04/01/2014 Workqueue: dm_bufio_cache do_global_cleanup Call Trace: <TASK> dump_stack_lvl+0x53/0x70 __might_resched+0x360/0x4e0 do_global_cleanup+0x2f5/0x710 process_one_work+0x7db/0x1970 worker_thread+0x518/0xea0 kthread+0x359/0x690 ret_from_fork+0xf3/0x1b0 ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30 </TASK> That can be reproduced by: veritysetup format --data-block-size=4096 --hash-block-size=4096 /dev/vda /dev/vdb SIZE=$(blockdev --getsz /dev/vda) dmsetup create myverity -r --table "0 $SIZE verity 1 /dev/vda /dev/vdb 4096 4096 <data_blocks> 1 sha256 <root_hash> <salt> 1 try_verify_in_tasklet" mount /dev/dm-0 /mnt -o ro echo 102400 > /sys/module/dm_bufio/parameters/max_cache_size_bytes [read files in /mnt]

View original source

05 / REFERENCES

Further evidence